Photovoltaic power generation system refers to a power generation system that directly converts light energy into electrical energy without going through a thermal process. Photovoltaic power generation systems usually consist of photovoltaic arrays, battery packs, battery controllers, inverters, AC distribution cabinets and solar tracking control systems. Its main components are solar cells, batteries, controllers and inverters. It is characterized by high reliability, long service life, no environmental pollution, and the ability to generate electricity independently and operate on the grid.
At present, photovoltaic power generation systems are divided into independent photovoltaic power generation systems, grid-connected photovoltaic power generation systems and distributed photovoltaic power generation systems.
1. Independent photovoltaic power generation system
Independent photovoltaic power generation is also called off-grid photovoltaic power generation. It is mainly composed of solar cell components, controllers, and batteries. If you want to power AC loads, you also need to configure an AC inverter. Independent photovoltaic power stations include village power supply systems in remote areas, solar household power systems, communication signal power supplies, and cathode protection. , solar street lights and other photovoltaic power generation systems with batteries that can operate independently.
2. Grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system
Grid-connected photovoltaic power generation means that the DC power generated by solar modules is converted into AC power that meets the requirements of the municipal power grid through a grid-connected inverter and then directly connected to the public grid. It can be divided into grid-connected photovoltaic power generation systems with batteries and grid-connected photovoltaic power generation systems without batteries. Grid-connected photovoltaic power generation systems with batteries are dispatchable and can be integrated into or out of the grid as needed, and also have backup power. function, it can provide emergency power supply when the power grid fails for some reason; photovoltaic grid-connected power generation systems with batteries are often installed in residential buildings; grid-connected photovoltaic power generation systems without batteries do not have the functions of dispatchability and backup power, and are generally installed in residential buildings. on larger systems.
3. Distributed photovoltaic power generation system
Distributed photovoltaic power generation systems can be divided into centralized large-scale grid-connected photovoltaic power stations and distributed photovoltaic systems. The main feature of centralized large-scale grid-connected photovoltaic power stations is that they can directly transmit the generated electricity to the power grid, and the power grid will uniformly distribute power to users. This kind of power station requires large investment, long construction period, and covers a large area. Distributed photovoltaic systems have the advantages of small investment, fast construction, small footprint, and strong policy support.