Floating photovoltaic refers to the establishment of floating photovoltaic power stations on water such as ponds, small lakes, reservoirs, and reservoirs to solve the problem of large area of traditional photovoltaic power generation. The hardware components of the floating photovoltaic power station are mainly photovoltaic panels, combiner boxes, inverter equipment, transformers, collecting lines, polyethylene floating body racks, etc.
Floating floating photovoltaics mainly have the following advantages:
①Conservation of land use: It is built on the water surface and does not occupy land resources, which can reduce the cost of land acquisition.
②Increase power generation: Water has a cooling effect on photovoltaic modules, which can inhibit the rise of the surface temperature of the modules, thereby obtaining higher power generation.
③Reduce evaporation and algae reproduction: Covering solar panels on the water surface can theoretically reduce water surface evaporation and inhibit algae reproduction in water, which is beneficial to the protection of water resources.
④Convenient operation and maintenance: The photovoltaic power station is built in water, which can reduce the pollution of dust to the modules and facilitate the cleaning of the modules. At the same time, it is difficult for idle personnel and animals to access the modules, which can effectively prevent the damage to the modules by personnel and animals.
⑤Tourism benefits: The photovoltaic modules arranged neatly on the vast water surface can be regarded as a characteristic scenic spot and become a landscape in the area, bringing tourism benefits.
⑥ Avoid module shading: Compared with land, the water surface is relatively open, which can effectively avoid the shading of modules by mountains and forests, and the solar radiation area is uniform and the illumination time is long.
⑦Reduce the cost of the tracking system: The angle and spacing of the components are consistent, which is convenient for the installation and operation of the solar tracking system. It is not necessary to install a dual-axis tracking system for each solar panel, which greatly reduces the cost of the tracking system.
⑧Cost saving: No need for component foundation and bracket, saving foundation and bracket cost and cost.
⑨Convenient consumption: Built in waters close to villages and cities, it can be consumed nearby, reducing unfavorable factors such as difficulty in grid connection and power curtailment, and improving efficiency.
Floating floating photovoltaics also have some disadvantages:
①High requirements for floating equipment: Floating water photovoltaic needs floating equipment to support photovoltaic panels, and the floating body platform has high requirements for corrosion resistance, low density, frost heave resistance, wind and wave resistance, life, and bearing capacity.
②High site selection requirements: The floating floating photovoltaic farm site should be selected in a wide area, stable runoff, low wind speed, good lighting conditions, small changes in water level, good development conditions, no large-scale shipping, and ecologically insensitive areas, etc. waters.
③ There are many uncertain factors: strong wind, water level, icing and other factors have a great impact on it. At the same time, it is necessary to monitor whether the photovoltaic modules have adverse effects on water quality, fish and plants in the water.
④The construction is difficult: many factors need to be considered in the construction process. It is difficult to use a large number of heavy machinery for high-efficiency construction in water operations, and the process requirements are relatively more, and the construction period is also increased accordingly. There is a lot of work that requires diving or being on a boat. Balance and safety should be considered when operating on board, and facilities such as pools and dams should not be damaged.