Monocrystalline silicon solar cells are solar cells made of high-purity monocrystalline silicon rods, and are currently the fastest-developing solar cells. At present, the structure and production process of monocrystalline silicon solar cells have been finalized, and the products have been widely used in space and on the ground.
The components and functions of monocrystalline silicon solar cells:
1. Tempered glass: Its function is to protect the main body of power generation (such as batteries), and there are requirements for the selection of light transmission. First, the light transmittance must be high (generally above 91%); second, ultra-white tempered treatment.
2. EVA: It is used to bond and fix toughened glass and power generation main body (such as battery sheet). The quality of transparent EVA material directly affects the life of the component. EVA exposed to the air is prone to aging and yellowing, which affects the light transmission of the component. In addition to the quality of EVA itself, the lamination process of the module manufacturer is also very influential. For example, if the degree of EVA bonding is not up to the standard, the bonding strength between EVA and tempered glass and the backplane is not enough, which will cause EVA Early aging affects component life.
3. Cells: The main function is to generate electricity. The mainstream of the power generation market is crystalline silicon solar cells and thin-film solar cells, both of which have their own advantages and disadvantages. Crystalline silicon solar cells have relatively low equipment costs, high consumption and battery costs, and high photoelectric conversion efficiency; thin-film solar cells are more suitable for power generation under outdoor sunlight, relatively high equipment costs, and low consumption and battery costs. The photoelectric conversion efficiency is more than half that of crystalline silicon cells, but the weak light effect is very good, and it can also generate electricity under ordinary lights, such as solar cells on calculators.
4. Backplane: The function is sealing, insulation and waterproof (generally TPT, TPE and other materials must be resistant to aging, component manufacturers have a 25-year warranty, tempered glass, aluminum alloy are generally no problem, the key lies in the compatibility with the backplane and silica gel whether the requirements can be met.
5. Aluminum alloy protective laminates: play a certain role in sealing and supporting.
6. Junction box: protect the entire power generation system and play the role of a current transfer station. If the component is short-circuited, the junction box will automatically disconnect the short-circuited battery string to prevent burning out of the entire system. The most critical thing in the junction box is the selection of diodes. The types of chips are different, and the corresponding diodes are also different.
7. Silicone: for sealing, it is used to seal components and aluminum alloy frames, components and junction boxes. The cost is very low.