The composition and function of each part of the solar module——
1) The function of tempered glass is to protect the main body of power generation (such as battery), and the selection of light transmission is required: 1. The light transmittance must be high (generally more than 91%); 2. Ultra-white tempered treatment.
2) EVA is used to bond and fix the tempered glass and the main body of power generation (such as battery), the quality of the transparent EVA material directly affects the life of the module, and the EVA exposed to the air is easy to age and turn yellow, thus affecting the light transmittance of the module In addition to the quality of the EVA itself, the lamination process of the module manufacturer is also very influential. For example, the EVA adhesiveness is not up to standard, and the bonding strength between EVA and tempered glass and backplane is not enough, which will cause EVA to prematurely. Aging affects component life. Mainly bond and encapsulate the power generation body and the backplane.
3) The main function of the cell is to generate electricity. The mainstream in the power generation market is the crystalline silicon solar cell and the thin-film solar cell, both of which have their own advantages and disadvantages. Crystalline silicon solar cells have relatively low equipment cost and high photoelectric conversion efficiency. It is suitable for power generation in outdoor sunlight, but the consumption and cell costs are high; thin-film solar cells, the consumption and battery costs are very low, and the low-light effect is very low. Well, it can also generate electricity under ordinary light, but the relative equipment cost is relatively high, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is more than half that of crystalline silicon cells, such as solar cells on calculators.
4) The function of the backplane, sealing, insulating and waterproofing (generally TPT, TPE and other materials must be resistant to aging, most component manufacturers have a 25-year warranty, tempered glass and aluminum alloy are generally no problem, the key lies in the backplane and whether the silicone can meet the requirements.)
5) The aluminum alloy protective laminate plays a certain role in sealing and supporting.
6) The junction box protects the entire power generation system and acts as a current transfer station. If the component is short-circuited, the junction box automatically disconnects the short-circuit battery string to prevent the entire system from burning out. The most important thing in the junction box is the selection of diodes. Different types of cells have different corresponding diodes.
7) Silicone sealing function is used to seal the junction between the component and the aluminum alloy frame, the component and the junction box. Some companies use double-sided adhesive tape and foam instead of silica gel. In China, silica gel is commonly used. The process is simple, convenient, easy to operate, and the cost is very low.